Geology of Earth

Geology of Earth

The name for the science of Geology comes from the
Greek language: γη, gê, "Earth"
and λόγος, logos, "speech"
So Geology is "talking about Earth"
A nice definition of Geology is:
Geology is a science that deals with the history of the Earth as recorded in rocks

Geological forces

have determined the look of our Earth.

The Andes mountain range is the longest mountain range on Earth, located in South America, high mountains and volcanoes, different climates and plant life

The Andes mountain range is the longest mountain range on Earth
Andes map with mountains and volcanoes and earth plates causing geological movements

Andes map with mountains and volcanoes and earth plates causing geological movements

There was a time when continents were together. When bumping into each other, mountain ranges were pushed up and folded.
continental plate hits continental plate causing mountain building orogeny

continental plate hits continental plate causing mountain building orogeny

oceanic plate hits continental plat causing mountains and volcanoes to raise

earth with continental plates just moved in different directions by geological forces

Earth's surface consists of many continental and oceanic plates moving all the time causing earthquakes
The area of today's southern United States had two huge mountain ranges, the Ouachita Mountains and the Appalachian mountains. They were pushed up by the African plate pushing against the North American plate.
Florida was once part of Africa.

During the Triassic Period about 240 million years ago, the continental plates of North and South America and Africa were together and started drifting apart.

Gondwana, continental plates were together building huge continent, earth geology

Gondwana, continental plates were together building huge continent, earth geology

The name Cretaceous period comes from the Latin language for "chalky" and is usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide = chalk. At the beginning of the Cretaceous period, about 145 million years ago, Earth looked very different.
Many areas today dry land, were covered by the sea. geologists like to look for fossils to date the layer of rock. This fossil wall is a road cut a Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve in the Texas Hill County where thousands of fossil can be found

geologists like to look for fossils to date the layer of rock. This fossil wall is a road cut a Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve in the Texas Hill County where thousands of fossil can be found

Multitudes of sea life deposited calcium carbonate sediment – the origin of limestone or "lime" shells and skeletons.
fossils found at Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve proof that the geologic theory about warm shallow oceans in the Texas Hill Country is true

fossils found at Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve proof that the geologic theory about warm shallow oceans in the Texas Hill Country is true

Stone is hard and water is soft, but water is powerful and persistent and wears away stone. Water penetrates pores and cracks - when it freezes it expands, sometimes breaking the stones. Rainwater picks up carbon dioxide from the air and soil and forms a dilute solution of carbonic acid, which can easily dissolve limestone.
geology and caves, often geology theories could be proven by findings in caves and caverns, all produced by acid water with minerals over a very long time

geology and caves, often geology theories could be proven by findings in caves and caverns, all produced by acid water with minerals over a very long time

Caverns, sinkholes, and fantastically shaped pieces of limestone result.

Movements of the tectonic plates cause earthquakes
Man earthquakes happened in 2010
7.5-magnitude quake hits off Indonesian island
BSB nature education program geology provides better understanding of geological terms, helps to keep Earth beautiful

BSB nature education program geology provides better understanding of geological terms, helps to keep Earth beautiful

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Think about how wonderful our Earth was created!
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fossil found in limestone layers at Bear Springs Blossom Nature preserve in Pipe Creek Texas, 40 miles northwest of San Antonio TX

fossil found in limestone layers at Bear Springs Blossom Nature preserve in Pipe Creek Texas, 40 miles northwest of San Antonio TX

Fossil seen in limestone wall at a road cut
in the southern Texas Hill Country

Nature conservation is a high priority in Europe. Pollution from electricity production is reduced by air filters, smoke washers, and many campaigns to conserve energy, better house insulation. Science on air pollution offers many solutions. Air conservation is important, water pollution endangers our drinking water, land pollution endangers human food supply - get a glimpse of other countries with earth maps. Live a sustainable life

Volunteer members of international charitable nonprofit organization Bear Springs Blossom Nature conservation protect nature, take action on air pollution, water contamination, erosion control, solve international environmental problems, provide nature education, offer solutions to pollution, climate change, global warming. Online learning to keep Nature beautiful, to secure a better life

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Environmental
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B+S+B nature education is science based, always updated, best views with an open mind. Master Conservationist Peter Bonenberger + science teacher + conservationist Marianne Bonenberger published many booklets, videos, information brochures. Online photo books provide personal info. Read the online book, learn why to protect Earth's environment. Definition Nature Conservation: Nature means Earth's natural world - Conservation is to maintain, to protect, to keep alive

Updated Education
Peter Bonenberger + Marianne Bonenberger giving a lecture

Master Conservationists
WHY
?Education?
Happiness?
More money?
Attractive?
Longer life?

How we got here

about us: international charitable nonprofit organization 501(c)(3) Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation. Main office + Nature preserve Pipe Creek, Texas Hill Country. Founders Peter Bonenberger + Marianne Bonenberger, Vice president Bob Taylor, Rob Platt, secretary Diane Platt, international treasurer Erhard Gold, Karen Taylor. Start to think and half of the work is done. Have the courage to use your brain. Immanuel Kant said: Enlightenment is man's release from his self-incurred tutelage, Sapere Aude individual liberty + knowledge. American Declaration = Sapere Aude = philosophy of Enlightenment, a worldwide education program. World Humans need solid nature education. Master Conservationists understand Nature, solve problems, offer solutions to world climate change, natural resources, worldwide air pollution, water ocean contamination + soil erosion, worldwide health problems

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Send email to Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation, Bandera county, Texas Hill Country

volunteers are the life blood of Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation international charitable nonprofit organization. Volunteers donate time to help with articles, public relations, volunteer to maintain websites, providing international nature education for people all over earth. Volunteering for B+S+B nonprofit group has no boundaries, no physical requirements. Become a B+S+B Volunteer! B+S+B needs YOU!

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Keep Nature beautiful

Bear Springs Blossom nature education online courses teach how to fight erosion, reduce land and ocean pollution. Uncontrolled erosion endangers all life. Erosion threatens food supply, drinking water, quality of air. Nature education on erosion reduces destructive development, tips + help how to control erosion

Science based Nature conservation: to give children, grandchildren a safe future, breathable air, healthy drinking water, good climate, with preserving natural resources with recycling, without violent weather, storms, floods. Nature conservation: Reduce air + water pollution, reduce co2 levels, lower the impact of global warming + climate change to keep Nature beautiful for a better life

International Water conservation for healthy drinking water, clean ocean water, natural rivers, creeks without pollution. Water conservation with fewer chemicals, better water treatment with riparian areas. Water conservation = balanced climate, without food shortages. Polluted water = higher food prices. Water conservation: affordable, efficient if all conserve. Reduce water waste, water pollution. Humans need healthy drinking water = health benefits. Earth's permanent water cycle provides rain, floods, clouds, mist. B+S+B volunteers reduce water consumption - how to conserve water

Online Nature conservation through education. Soil conservation: prevention of soil eroding. Soil conservation avoids soil chemical alteration, salty soil, acidification, chemical soil contamination, soil blown by wind, washed by floods. Soil conservation strategies: vegetative cover, erosion prevention, soil salinity management, soil acidity control, conservation is beneficial to soil organisms, remediation of soil contamination, soil mineralization. Soil conservation to secure food supply + drinking water

Nature on Earth was beautiful; Nature was in balance, intact food-chain for all animals, native wildlife, flora + fauna. Enjoy photo slide show Keep Nature beautiful, natural beauty all around the globe. Update your nature education, see why, what to protect, conserve, preserve

B+S+B members work to keep
Buenos Aires
Neu-Ulm
Kellmuenz
Hunt TX
the Indus river
Danube river beautiful!!
Bandera Impressions

nature in Texas with many native plant varieties, native trees + wildlife endangered, solutions on nature preservation issues, restore Nature, conserve natural bird habitats, beautiful butterfly photos, Nature protection, updated nature education. Master Conservationist Peter Bonenberger + online education by Marianne Bonenberger with published books, photo books, information brochures. Nature photos + text about Bear Springs Blossom Nature preserve, why protecting the environment, Bandera County history, overgrazing endangerment, Texas Hill Country native plants. Online books are part of B+S+B online education programs. Definition: Nature Conservation: Nature means Earth's natural world - Conservation is to maintain, to protect, to keep alive, volunteers of B+S+B nonprofit, promoting educational equity by providing environmental learning experiences for students, kids young + old

History of Bandera, about Bandera County Texas Hill Country. Bandera cowboy capital of the world. Urban sprawl endangers beautiful landscape of Bandera County, TX Hill Country natural areas + parks. Medina river water table lower, well problems

All about
Bandera TX
Cowboys
River + Parks

About flora

Texas wildflowers, native plants along our nature trails, birding trails, wilderness trails at the Bear Springs Blossom Nature preserve, Bandera County, Hill Country Texas. BSBNCG nonprofit provides environmental wildflower knowledge. See wild flowers, see wildflowers with blue blossoms, white blossoms, tree blossoms, flowering native shrubs, red bud flowers + Madrone blossoms. mushrooms, fungi grow in varieties. Nature conservation protects mushrooms, fungi needed to balance Nature. Mushroom photos, fungi. Science classes provided by Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation volunteers in B+S+B Texas Nature conservation center. Earth Star is a TX Native plant, indigenous plants. Earth star are native to their habitat, started and grew up without being planted. B+S+B Nature Preserve educates + protects native plants. Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation's nature preserve shows native plants + wildflowers along nature trails, birding trails. Salvia, tropical sage, cedar sage, all wild flowers, or native shrubs flowering, red to pink flowers; different wild flowers at B+S+B Texas Hill Country nature reserve. Take guided tours, become a master conservationist. Nature conservation protects Pearl Milk vine, Matelea reticulata, a twining vine growing on limestone, native plant photos taken at Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve, TX

Salvias
Earth-Star
Native Plants
Pearl Vine
Mushrooms
Mexican Oak
Redbud
Madrone
Junipers

Biology classes online: Junipers Latin juniperus ashei. juniperus ashei native to Texas. Nature conservation through nature education explains overgrazing of the Texas Hill Country. Texas Cedar juniper berries for birds, good juniper mulch. Nursery plant Juniper is important for nature conservation, essential to pollution reduction, environmental stability. Nature conservation acts against overgrowth, reducing erosion. Junipers cedars use little water, no water suckers. Cercis beautiful native trees in southern countries. Madrone or Madrona, peeling tree, arbutus, rare trees Texas Hill Country. Bear Springs Blossom nature preserve 300 madrones show how nature conservation works, how important intact natural habitats + climate is to Madrone trees, providing food for birds, health to humans

Mangrove trees

Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation preserve has different grasses along nature trails, mostly bunch grass. Texas native state grass side oats grama reduces erosion, water pollution, healthy water for aquifers. Turf grasses are used worldwide to beautify a lawn, but most turf grasses are water wasters

Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation preserve has different grasses along nature trails, mostly bunch grass. Texas native state grass side oats grama reduces erosion, water pollution, healthy water for aquifers. Turf grasses are used worldwide to beautify a lawn, but most turf grasses are water wasters

B+S+B Grasses
Turf Grasses
Tropical Rain-forest
Temperate Rainforest

conservation of nature with change of colors in fall - autumn, using leaves for mulch. B+S+B Nature preserve environmental education classes explain how + why leaves change colors in fall = autumn - colored oaks, yellow cherry leaves, green juniper needles

Nature Encyclopedia
About fauna

Science Nature conservation facts: Nature lovers + birders like Birding on birding trails with guided tours. Golden cheeked Warbler, endangered bird breeding only in Texas Hill Country, see tanager, wren, mocking bird, tit mouse, native + migrating birds at B+S+B nature preservation

Robins
Golden cheeked Warbler
Cardinals
Hummingbird
Roadrunner
Cliff Swallows
Scrub Jay
Cedar Waxwing

bird list native birds seen while birding, walking birding trails on guided tours. See the Golden cheeked Warbler, red tailed hawk, Cedar Waxwing, Scrub Jay, swallows, hummingbirds, Mockingbird, robin, roadrunner. Roadrunner fast running Texas bird. Roadrunners have strong bills, catching rattle snakes. Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve offers facts on birding. Endangered species act: Golden cheeked Warbler, endangered bird, breeds in the Texas Hill Country - no other place on earth. Golden cheeked Warblers need Texas Hill Country trees, native plants, mature junipers to build a nest. B+S+B nature reserve preserves habitat for Golden cheeked Warbler, to provide habitat after migration = GCW - Nature conservation, conserve nature to live in harmony with nature, to protect globally endangered species through international nature protection programs. Cardinals, cardinalidae. B+S+B Nature Conservation facts about none migratory cardinalis, how to conserve bird species as a master conservationist. Biology classes: Cliff swallows eating insects while flying, balancing Earth's environment. Facts about the migratory Cliff swallow, keeping natural habitats for birds. Updated nature education for being a good conservationist. Nature conservation facts on migrating birds. North American Robin Turdus migratorius migrates through Texas Hill Country easily watched on guided tours at B+S+B nature preserve birding trails, butterflies. Breeding habitats in Canada, migrating through Texas, the Cedar Waxwing

Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve home to birding, common birds, endangered birds, bird slide show, butterfly photos, online bird photos, guided birding, jays, robins, Cedar waxwing, swallows, Golden cheeked Warblers

Insects

Nature encyclopedia: mosquito’s life cycle, understanding how a mosquito bites, why, how malaria spreads, how to prevent malaria disease. Balance nature to prevent illnesses = protect humans - better information reduces malaria

nature conservation: knowledge about butterflies, to understand why butterflies nature's environmental balance. Help butterflies to survive, what kills a butterfly - nature conservation through education leads to higher butterfly survival rates

Mammals

Science based whale conservation with lectures + presentations + school classes online: B+S+B protects oceans, whales + dolphins from overfishing to over-polluting seas. Oceans + seas stabilize climate, whales balance life in oceans, are endangered by greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. Nature conservation reduces climate change + air pollution internationally. Earth's ocean food chain needs whales, dolphins + porpoises. Earth oceans food for 1 billion humans

Nature conservation news: Black bears native to US. Black Bears, Latin Ursus americanus, Southern United States black bears remain in protected mountains, woodlands, parks, preserves. Bears who wander outside nature preserves to find new habitats are endangered

Science base conservation through history education to keep Nature beautiful: Before humans killed all Buffalo Latin bison bison, bison roamed on US prairies without overgrazing, conserving grass prairies. America's prairies were created by buffaloes, huge mammals, once food + living for Native Americans

Overgrazing destroys land, endangers Nature, causing climate change + global warming. Overgrazing is related to human health problems, overgrazed meadows reduce drinking water supply, multiply water contamination. Overgrazing causes erosion, destroys native plant food for wildlife, food supply for humans

Nature Conservation

Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve, Bandera County, Texas Hill Country. Photos + pictures: see native plants, native trees, as Spanish oaks, Escarpment cherry, lacey oak, Texas persimmons, mountain laurel, native grasses, little bluestem, bushy bluestem, Indian grass, lindheimers muhly. Preserve Nature: use erosion control, create beautiful landscapes where flora, fauna will flourish, people animals all life is preserved

vacation Texas Hill Country: San Antonio - many parks, natural areas, nature preserves, birding, river walk, hiking, biking, favorites for visitors. Texas Hill Country guided tours

Native Americans lived for thousands years in Texas hunting along creeks + rivers. Arrowheads from different time periods. Get different environmental knowledge in arrowhead shape, arrowhead material

Guided tours on Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve, park + recreational area providing outdoor fun + nature education. B+S+B nature trails + birding trails + educational trails are active nature conservation. Walking Texas on guided tours. Nature trails + birding trails update nature knowledge. BSBNCG guided tours show endangered species, endangered birds Golden Cheeked Warblers, native plants, wildflowers, native trees, Texas wildlife. See pristine nature on guided tours, grab bird binoculars, get knowledge about native wildflowers, watch native birds, on educational birding trails

Bear Springs Blossom Nature preserve has twelve nature trails, four birding trails - published in Texas Parks Wildlife Heart of Texas Nature Birding trail map. Nature Center lecture room offers knowledge about nature preservation, about wilderness, conservation trails, geology, what to expect on guided tours. Texas outdoors, hiking, birding, gaining knowledge with presentations, lectures while walking wilderness trails, birding trails

Photos San Antonio TX, famous river walk, Alamo, missions, San Antonio Texas close to Bear Springs Blossom Nature Preserve

Nature photos Texas Hill Country. Photos of native plants, cacti, native grasses, blossoms pictures, wildflowers photos. Experience beautiful Nature with B+S+B photos, photos, impressions of native plants, common wildflowers, wild flowers conserved by nature conservation

members of international charitable nonprofit organization Bear Springs Blossom Nature conservation protect nature, take action on air pollution, water contamination, erosion control, solve international environmental problems, provide nature education, solutions to pollution, climate change, global warming. Online learning to keep Nature beautiful, to have a better life. Join to protect earth! B+S+B international tackles climate change + global warming. International nature conservation, to conserve endangered species, native wildlife. Changing world climate endangers life. Humans + mammals are on endangered species list - join international nonprofit group, to create a better future for humans on Earth, with healthy food, less floods, less droughts, affordable basic produce

Photos of B+S+B Nature preserve, southern Texas Hill Country, maintained by Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation

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Nature Center Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation: located at B+S+B Nature Preserve, Bandera County, Texas Hill Country. B+S+B Nature Center education: native plants, native trees, native grasses. B+S+B main task: Nature conservation through education, erosion control, land restoration conserving flora, fauna

Nature Center

B+S+B Mission nonprofit organization Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation, Texas hill Country guided tours, outdoor classes, Earth protection, human protection. Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation takes action for water conservation, environmental recycling issues, preserving natural landscapes, conserve flora, fauna. Mission is Nature conservation through nature education, live sustainable, reduce greenhouse gases

B+S+B mission

Wildflowers
wildlife
Native plants
Bear Springs Blossom
Nature Conservation
is supported by:
Bandera Bank
R. Peterson
Robert House
Bob Taylor
Karen Taylor
Jack Nickel
Tammy Nickel

NASA employees support Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation. NASA employee Robert Taylor, Vice president, B+S+B Master Conservationist. NASA studies: understand air pollution, climate change, environmental disasters. NASA's space satellites information on Geology, earth maps. NASA's scientists: how climate change + pollution changes life on earth = destroying Earth - NASA science news video + photos

Join us to pro-
tect your family!
Marianne Bonenberger
Science education
Peter Bonenberger
Master Conservationist
Lone Star Land Stewards
welcome YOU in our family of Nature lovers! Protect Earth
with Education

Science physics, biology, chemistry education. A Master Conservationist understands what happens in nature, knows nature conservation, knows how to change climate change, how nature works - takes responsibility. Master conservationists solve problems, understand why floods, droughts, fires, deforestation, air pollution, water contamination, water conservation, soil erosion, urban sprawl, depletion of natural resources are endangering whole countries. Master Conservationists help, advice on environmental issues. Becoming a master conservationist gives knowledge to be a land conservationist, Nature conservationist, real Nature lovers, environmentalist by knowledge

Lone Star Land Stewards - Peter Bonenberger + Marianne Bonenberger care for Earth's water, Earth's un-polluted air, with active land restoration, securing human future. Nature conservation + preservation explained with Nature education online, using distant learning + lectures, giving advice on environmental issues, how to globally conserve Nature, how to live a sustainable life

Peter + Marianne Bonenberger offer a personal education experience!

Master Conservationist science curriculum: Main task of B+S+B international Nature conservation school, science based nature education. Bear Springs Blossom Nature conservation's worldwide education programs expand knowledge what happens on Earth, how nature works, recycling, solve global problems like climate change, international air pollution, water contamination, soil erosion

Science educator Marianne Bonenberger + Peter Bonenberger, Master conservationists + Award winners 2010 - category outreach + education. Peter Bonenberger + Marianne Bonenberger give lectures using photos, video clips, nature sounds. Lectures why oceans need protection, lectures why to save rain forests, history lectures, clean air, drinking water, learning from history, geology. College lectures about sustainability, science classes to secure healthy air + water, why to recycle. With Bear Springs Blossom Nature conservation distant learning, online education + master conservationist certificate you become an expert on Nature conservation helping humans to handle coming global changes

International Nature education is part of Bear Springs Blossom worldwide education program: How does Nature work? Definition Nature education. Learn online how to take action. Online courses explain how to solve global problems: climate change, air pollution, global warming, greenhouse gases, water contamination, soil erosion. Good international online Nature education courses to understand environmental habitats of nature. Nature conservation knowledge prepares for coming environmental changes + challenges

Conservation knowledge solutions: international nature education environmental news, advice, solutions. Bear Springs Blossom Nature conservation's worldwide education program offers understanding, how nature works, why take action, solve global problems: climate change, international air pollution, water contamination, soil erosion. Nature Conservation based on science, sustainability, eco friendly life style Save Earth's environment with reduced pollution

Environmental values: value of forest, cost of a tree wound, price of old trees. How much value of land, physical value of land resources, how much costs healthy water, price of good air? How much will climate change + global warming cost? What price to put on human health? Why recycling lowers prices conserving natural resources. International Nature conservation courses educate on values, price, costs of better health, happiness, put a price tag on beautiful Nature

What's the value
of an old tree?
clean air?
healthy water
human health?

Make a difference!
Together we can make a mark on our generation that cannot be erased!

Environmental online education on how to fight pollution, how to lower human impact on earth. How to conserve water? Online classes explain environmentally friendly energy consumption, how to save money with insulation, green driving, solar energy, passive solar, led lights. International Nature conservation provides facts, answers + solutions

Environmental News Online Nature education Nature preserve About Us Presentations Keep-Earth-Beautiful Help Join + donate

Copyright © 2012 Bear Springs Blossom Nature Conservation - International charitable nonprofit organization 501(c)(3) All rights reserved
Peter Bonenberger - volunteer + president - Marianne Bonenberger - volunteer + director of education
BSBNCG POB 63295 Pipe Creek 78063 TX USA - edu@keepearthbeautiful.org

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Geological forces

Understand Earth - update your geology knowledge

Continental plates change Earth's surface